Main Article Content
Abstract
Purpose: This study examines the effects of digital payment and marketplace adoption on the sustainability and competitiveness of Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in Makassar City, with a particular focus on the mediating role of digital literacy.
Research Method: A quantitative approach was employed, using primary data collected through structured questionnaires from 300 MSMEs selected through purposive sampling. The data were analyzed using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) with SmartPLS 4 software.
Results and Discussion: The results indicate that digital literacy significantly mediates the relationship between technology adoption and business performance. Although the direct effects of technology adoption on performance tend to vary, the indirect effects demonstrate that digital literacy serves as a key mechanism through which digital payments and marketplace adoption contribute to improved MSME sustainability and competitiveness.
Implications: MSMEs should strengthen their digital literacy to maximize the benefits of adopting digital payment systems and marketplaces. Policymakers and relevant stakeholders can support MSME sustainability and competitiveness by facilitating digital skills development alongside technology adoption.
Originality: This study highlights digital literacy as a dynamic capability that mediates the relationship between digital payment and marketplace adoption and MSME sustainability and competitiveness, emphasizing that successful digital transformation depends not only on technology adoption but also on the ability to utilize digital technologies effectively.
Keywords
Article Details

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
References
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- Arnanda, R., Syahbudi, S., Yulia, Y., & Safri, H. (2025). Pengaruh pemahaman dan kemudahan terhadap keputusan menggunakan sistem transaksi digital Quick Response Code Indonesian Standard (QRIS) pada pelaku usaha mikro kecil dan menengah (UMKM) di Kota Pontianak. Jesya (Jurnal Ekonomi & Ekonomi Syariah), 8(1), 330–341. https://doi.org/10.3darmadji6778/jesya.v8i1.1810
- Arsyad, A. A. J., Tamrin, U., & Sari, S. A. S. (2023). Transformasi UMKM melalui pendampingan keterampilan literasi digital. KAREBA: Jurnal Ilmu Komunikasi, 12(1), 89–104. https://journal.unhas.ac.id/index.php/kareba
- Aulia, P., Asisa, W., Dalianti, N., & Handa, Y. R. (2022). Pengaruh Pemahaman Literasi Keuangan dan Kemudahan Digital Payment Terhadap Kinerja UMKM di Kota Makassar. Jurnal DinamikA, 3(1), 23-50. https://doi.org/10.18326/dinamika.v3i1.23-50
- Awad, J.A.R., Martín-Rojas, R. Digital transformation influence on organisational resilience through organisational learning and innovation. J Innov Entrep 13, 69 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1186/s13731-024-00405-4
- Bharadwaj, A., el Sawy, O. A., Pavlou, P. A., & Venkatraman, N. (2013). Digital business strategy: Toward a next generation of insights. MIS Quarterly: Management Information Systems, 37(2). https://doi.org/10.25300/MISQ/2013/37:2.3
- Bican, P. M., & Brem, A. (2020). Digital Business Model, Digital Transformation, Digital Entrepreneurship: Is There A Sustainable “Digital”? Sustainability, 12(13), 5239. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12135239
- Budiono, F., Lau, S., & Tibben, W. J. (2020). The investigation of E-Marketplace adoption by small medium enterprises using Individual-Technology-Organization-Environment (ITOE) framework: A case study in Yogyakarta Province Indonesia. Pacific Asia Journal of the Association for Information Systems, 12(4), 3.
- Calderon, A. A. (2025). Digital payments and their role in enhancing financial transactions efficiency. International Journal of Economics and Financial Issues, 15(1), 182. https://doi.org/10.32479/ijefi.17555
- Cenamor, J., Parida, V., & Wincent, J. (2019). How entrepreneurial SMEs compete through digital platforms: The roles of digital platform capability, network capability and ambidexterity. Journal of Business Research, 100. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2019.03.035
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- Eller, R., Alford, P., Kallmünzer, A., & Peters, M. (2020). Antecedents, consequences, and challenges of small and medium-sized enterprise digitalization. Journal of Business Research, 112, 119-127. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2020.03.004
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- Hair, J. F., Hult, G. T. M., Ringle, C. M., & Sarstedt, M. (2017). A primer on partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) (2nd ed.). Sage Publications.
- Handayani, P. W., Kusumawati, A., & Pramono, R. (2025). Implementation gaps and their impact on digital capability and MSME performance. Journal of Regional Economics Indonesia, 8(1), 45-62. https://jurnal.unmer.ac.id/index.php/jrei/article/view/15283
- Hayes, A. F. (2018). Introduction to Mediation, Moderation, and Conditional Process Analysis, Second Edition: A Regression-Based Approach. In the Guilford Press (Vol. 46, Issue 3).
- Homburg, C., & Wielgos, D. M. (2022). The value relevance of digital marketing capabilities to firm performance. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 50(4), 666–688. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11747-022-00858-7
- Irianto, A. B. P., & Chanvarasuth, P. (2025). Drivers and Barriers of Mobile Payment Adoption Among MSMEs: Insights from Indonesia. Journal of Risk and Financial Management, 18(5), 251. https://doi.org/10.3390/jrfm18050251
- Isdarmadji, N. Q. (2024, August 7). Kominfo targetkan 30 juta UMKM adopsi teknologi digital pada 2024. Kementerian Pendayagunaan Aparatur Negara dan Reformasi Birokrasi. https://menpan.go.id/site/berita-terkini/berita-daerah/kominfo-targetkan-30-juta-umkm-adopsi-teknologi-digital-pada-2024
- Kurniasari, F., Lestari, E. D., & Tannady, H. (2023). Pursuing long-term business performance: Investigating the effects of financial and technological factors on digital adoption to leverage SME performance and business sustainability—Evidence from Indonesian SMEs in the traditional market. Sustainability, 15(16), 12668.
- Merín-Rodrigáñez, J., Alegre, J., & Dasí, À. (2025). International entrepreneurship in innovative SMEs: Examining the connection between CEOs’ dynamic managerial capabilities, business model innovation and export performance. International Business Review, 34(2), 102321. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ibusrev.2024.102321
- Merín-Rodrigáñez, J., Dasí, À., & Alegre, J. (2024). Digital transformation and firm performance in innovative SMEs: The mediating role of business model innovation. Technovation, 134, 103027. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.technovation.2024.103027
- Naibaho, R., Effiyaldi, E., Nurhadi, N., Suratno, E., & Pasaribu, J. P. K. (2025). Adoption of Digital Technology and Sales Performance Improvement among Indonesian SMEs: A Mixed-Methods Analysis. Quantitative Economics and Management Studies, 6(2), 205-218.
- Nambisan, S., Wright, M., & Feldman, M. (2019). The digital transformation of innovation and entrepreneurship: Progress, challenges and key themes. Research policy, 48(8), 103773. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.respol.2019.03.018
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- Parida, V., Sjödin, D., & Reim, W. (2019). Reviewing literature on digitalization, business model innovation, and sustainable industry: Past achievements and future promises. In Sustainability (Switzerland) (Vol. 11, Issue 2). https://doi.org/10.3390/su11020391
- Quinton, S., Canhoto, A., Molinillo, S., Pera, R., & Budhathoki, T. (2018). Conceptualising a digital orientation: antecedents of supporting SME performance in the digital economy. Journal of Strategic Marketing, 26(5), 427-439. https://doi.org/10.1080/0965254X.2016.1258004
- Rakib, M., Azis, M., Najib, M., & Isma, A. (2024). Impact of Digital Literacy, Business Innovation, Competitive Advantage on the Existence of SMEs: A quantitative study in Makassar City, Indonesia. Quality - Access to Success, 25(198). https://doi.org/10.47750/QAS/25.198.30
- Ramadhani, N., Sugesti, A. I., Sagita, D. N., & Purwanto, E. (2025). Pemanfaatan marketplace digital dalam meningkatkan kinerja UMKM melalui sarana komunikasi di era digital. Jurnal Bisnis dan Komunikasi Digital, 2(2), 20. https://doi.org/10.47134/jbkd.v2i2.3560
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- Sebastian, I. M., Moloney, K. G., Ross, J. W., Fonstad, N. O., Beath, C., & Mocker, M. (2017). How big old companies navigate digital transformation. MIS Quarterly Executive, 16(3). https://doi.org/10.4324/9780429286797-6
- Senyo, P. K., Liu, K., & Effah, J. (2019). Digital business ecosystem: Literature review and a framework for future research. In International Journal of Information Management (Vol. 47). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijinfomgt.2019.01.002
- Sharabati, A. A. A., Ali, A. A. A., Allahham, M. I., Hussein, A. A., Alheet, A. F., & Mohammad, A. S. (2024). The impact of digital marketing on the performance of SMEs: An analytical study in light of modern digital transformations. Sustainability, 16(19), 8667. https://doi.org/10.3390/su16198667
- Sitaniapessy, R. H., Latupapua, C. V., Lewaherilla, N., Leuherry, F., Ferdinandus, S. J., Asnawi, A., & Pentury, G. (2024). The Advantages of Digital Literacy Strategies to Improve MSME’s Business Performance. European Journal of Theoretical and Applied Sciences, 2(1), 504-512. https://doi.org/10.59324/ejtas.2024.2(1).43
- Suprianto, I., & Rasyid, R. (2025). The Influence of Financial Literacy and Digital Literacy on MSME Performance in Merangin Regency Jambi Province with Innovation as a Mediating Variable. Asian Journal of Applied Business and Management, 4(2), 509-524. https://doi.org/10.55927/ajabm.v4i2.197
- Timur, Y. P., Masrizal, & Trianto, B. (2025). Factors influencing adoption of e-payments by microenterprises’ owners in Indonesia. Journal of Modelling in Management. https://doi.org/10.1108/JM2-09-2024-0305
- Vial, G. (2019). Understanding digital transformation: A review and a research agenda. The Journal of Strategic Information Systems, 28(2), 118-144. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsis.2019.01.003
- Yadegaridehkordi, E., Nilashi, M., Shuib, L., Hairul Nizam Bin Md Nasir, M., Asadi, S., Samad, S., & Fatimah Awang, N. (2020). The impact of big data on firm performance in hotel industry. Electronic Commerce Research and Applications, 40.
- https://doi.org/10.1016/j.elerap.2019.100921
- Yahya, U. H. D. (2025, February 6). Pertumbuhan ekonomi Indonesia di 2024 masuk dalam zona 5%, PDB capai Rp22.139 T. Warta Ekonomi.
- https://wartaekonomi.co.id/read556977/pertumbuhan-ekonomi-indonesia-di-2024-masuk-dalam-zona-5-pdb-capai-rp22139-t
- Yusriani, Liong, H., & Syachbrani, W. (2022). Penyusunan laporan keuangan berdasarkan SAK entitas mikro kecil menengah pada Toko Sembako Raya Purnama Maros. Jurnal Ilmiah Akuntansi dan Keuangan, 1(1), 1–7.
- https://journal.unm.ac.id/index.php/JIAN/article/view/5787
References
Adriani, A., Yuniar, V. A. P., & Yuniar, V. A. P. (2023). Pengaruh penggunaan digital payment terhadap kinerja keuangan pada UMKM di Kota Makassar. Jurnal Ilmiah Neraca: Ekonomi Bisnis, Manajemen, Akuntansi, 6(2), 20–29. https://jurnal.stie-lpi.ac.id/index.php/neraca/article/view/79
Amin, M., Gohar, M., & Ali, I. (2025). Impact of digital transformation on SME’s marketing performance: role of social media and market turbulence. Discover Sustainability, 6(1), 378. https://doi.org/10.1007/s43621-025-01228-3
Arnanda, R., Syahbudi, S., Yulia, Y., & Safri, H. (2025). Pengaruh pemahaman dan kemudahan terhadap keputusan menggunakan sistem transaksi digital Quick Response Code Indonesian Standard (QRIS) pada pelaku usaha mikro kecil dan menengah (UMKM) di Kota Pontianak. Jesya (Jurnal Ekonomi & Ekonomi Syariah), 8(1), 330–341. https://doi.org/10.3darmadji6778/jesya.v8i1.1810
Arsyad, A. A. J., Tamrin, U., & Sari, S. A. S. (2023). Transformasi UMKM melalui pendampingan keterampilan literasi digital. KAREBA: Jurnal Ilmu Komunikasi, 12(1), 89–104. https://journal.unhas.ac.id/index.php/kareba
Aulia, P., Asisa, W., Dalianti, N., & Handa, Y. R. (2022). Pengaruh Pemahaman Literasi Keuangan dan Kemudahan Digital Payment Terhadap Kinerja UMKM di Kota Makassar. Jurnal DinamikA, 3(1), 23-50. https://doi.org/10.18326/dinamika.v3i1.23-50
Awad, J.A.R., Martín-Rojas, R. Digital transformation influence on organisational resilience through organisational learning and innovation. J Innov Entrep 13, 69 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1186/s13731-024-00405-4
Bharadwaj, A., el Sawy, O. A., Pavlou, P. A., & Venkatraman, N. (2013). Digital business strategy: Toward a next generation of insights. MIS Quarterly: Management Information Systems, 37(2). https://doi.org/10.25300/MISQ/2013/37:2.3
Bican, P. M., & Brem, A. (2020). Digital Business Model, Digital Transformation, Digital Entrepreneurship: Is There A Sustainable “Digital”? Sustainability, 12(13), 5239. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12135239
Budiono, F., Lau, S., & Tibben, W. J. (2020). The investigation of E-Marketplace adoption by small medium enterprises using Individual-Technology-Organization-Environment (ITOE) framework: A case study in Yogyakarta Province Indonesia. Pacific Asia Journal of the Association for Information Systems, 12(4), 3.
Calderon, A. A. (2025). Digital payments and their role in enhancing financial transactions efficiency. International Journal of Economics and Financial Issues, 15(1), 182. https://doi.org/10.32479/ijefi.17555
Cenamor, J., Parida, V., & Wincent, J. (2019). How entrepreneurial SMEs compete through digital platforms: The roles of digital platform capability, network capability and ambidexterity. Journal of Business Research, 100. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2019.03.035
The digital transformation of SMEs. (2021). In OECD studies on SMEs and entrepreneurship. https://doi.org/10.1787/bdb9256a-en
Eller, R., Alford, P., Kallmünzer, A., & Peters, M. (2020). Antecedents, consequences, and challenges of small and medium-sized enterprise digitalization. Journal of Business Research, 112, 119-127. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2020.03.004
Ferreira, J. J. M., Fernandes, C. I., & Ferreira, F. A. F. (2019). To be or not to be digital, that is the question: Firm innovation and performance. Journal of Business Research, 101, 583–590. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2018.11.013
Fornell, C., & Larcker, D. F. (1981). Evaluating structural equation models with unobservable variables and measurement error. Journal of marketing research, 18(1), 39-50. https://doi.org/10.1177/002224378101800104
Geissdoerfer, M., Savaget, P., Bocken, N. M. P., & Hultink, E. J. (2017). The Circular Economy – A new sustainability paradigm? In Journal of Cleaner Production (Vol. 143). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2016.12.048
Hafeez, S., Shahzad, K., Helo, P., & Mubarak, M. F. (2025). Knowledge management and SMEs’ digital transformation: A systematic literature review and future research agenda. Journal of Innovation & Knowledge, 10(3), 100728. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jik.2025.100728
Hair, J. F., Hult, G. T. M., Ringle, C. M., & Sarstedt, M. (2017). A primer on partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) (2nd ed.). Sage Publications.
Handayani, P. W., Kusumawati, A., & Pramono, R. (2025). Implementation gaps and their impact on digital capability and MSME performance. Journal of Regional Economics Indonesia, 8(1), 45-62. https://jurnal.unmer.ac.id/index.php/jrei/article/view/15283
Hayes, A. F. (2018). Introduction to Mediation, Moderation, and Conditional Process Analysis, Second Edition: A Regression-Based Approach. In the Guilford Press (Vol. 46, Issue 3).
Homburg, C., & Wielgos, D. M. (2022). The value relevance of digital marketing capabilities to firm performance. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 50(4), 666–688. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11747-022-00858-7
Irianto, A. B. P., & Chanvarasuth, P. (2025). Drivers and Barriers of Mobile Payment Adoption Among MSMEs: Insights from Indonesia. Journal of Risk and Financial Management, 18(5), 251. https://doi.org/10.3390/jrfm18050251
Isdarmadji, N. Q. (2024, August 7). Kominfo targetkan 30 juta UMKM adopsi teknologi digital pada 2024. Kementerian Pendayagunaan Aparatur Negara dan Reformasi Birokrasi. https://menpan.go.id/site/berita-terkini/berita-daerah/kominfo-targetkan-30-juta-umkm-adopsi-teknologi-digital-pada-2024
Kurniasari, F., Lestari, E. D., & Tannady, H. (2023). Pursuing long-term business performance: Investigating the effects of financial and technological factors on digital adoption to leverage SME performance and business sustainability—Evidence from Indonesian SMEs in the traditional market. Sustainability, 15(16), 12668.
Merín-Rodrigáñez, J., Alegre, J., & Dasí, À. (2025). International entrepreneurship in innovative SMEs: Examining the connection between CEOs’ dynamic managerial capabilities, business model innovation and export performance. International Business Review, 34(2), 102321. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ibusrev.2024.102321
Merín-Rodrigáñez, J., Dasí, À., & Alegre, J. (2024). Digital transformation and firm performance in innovative SMEs: The mediating role of business model innovation. Technovation, 134, 103027. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.technovation.2024.103027
Naibaho, R., Effiyaldi, E., Nurhadi, N., Suratno, E., & Pasaribu, J. P. K. (2025). Adoption of Digital Technology and Sales Performance Improvement among Indonesian SMEs: A Mixed-Methods Analysis. Quantitative Economics and Management Studies, 6(2), 205-218.
Nambisan, S., Wright, M., & Feldman, M. (2019). The digital transformation of innovation and entrepreneurship: Progress, challenges and key themes. Research policy, 48(8), 103773. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.respol.2019.03.018
Nur, A., Hasan, M., Inanna, Nurjannah, & Andi Tenri Ampa. (2023). Peningkatan literasi bisnis digital sebagai upaya meningkatkan pendapatan UMKM di Kelurahan Tidung Kota Makassar. Jurnal Ekonomi, Sosial & Humaniora, 4(7), 26–33.
https://www.jurnalintelektiva.com/index.php/jurnal/article/view/939
Parida, V., Sjödin, D., & Reim, W. (2019). Reviewing literature on digitalization, business model innovation, and sustainable industry: Past achievements and future promises. In Sustainability (Switzerland) (Vol. 11, Issue 2). https://doi.org/10.3390/su11020391
Quinton, S., Canhoto, A., Molinillo, S., Pera, R., & Budhathoki, T. (2018). Conceptualising a digital orientation: antecedents of supporting SME performance in the digital economy. Journal of Strategic Marketing, 26(5), 427-439. https://doi.org/10.1080/0965254X.2016.1258004
Rakib, M., Azis, M., Najib, M., & Isma, A. (2024). Impact of Digital Literacy, Business Innovation, Competitive Advantage on the Existence of SMEs: A quantitative study in Makassar City, Indonesia. Quality - Access to Success, 25(198). https://doi.org/10.47750/QAS/25.198.30
Ramadhani, N., Sugesti, A. I., Sagita, D. N., & Purwanto, E. (2025). Pemanfaatan marketplace digital dalam meningkatkan kinerja UMKM melalui sarana komunikasi di era digital. Jurnal Bisnis dan Komunikasi Digital, 2(2), 20. https://doi.org/10.47134/jbkd.v2i2.3560
Rayyan. (2024, November 7). Inkubator UMKM, strategi utama Pemkot Makassar dorong UMKM naik kelas. Antara News; ANTARA. https://www.antaranews.com/video/4450105/inkubator-umkm-strategi-utama-pemkot-makassar-dorong-umkm-naik-kelas?utm_source=chatgpt.com
Santia, T. (2024, November 20). BI: Pengguna QRIS bertambah, tumbuh 183,9% hingga Oktober 2024. Liputan6.com. https://www.liputan6.com/bisnis/read/5797581/bi-pengguna-qris-bertambah-tumbuh-1839-hingga-oktober-2024
Sebastian, I. M., Moloney, K. G., Ross, J. W., Fonstad, N. O., Beath, C., & Mocker, M. (2017). How big old companies navigate digital transformation. MIS Quarterly Executive, 16(3). https://doi.org/10.4324/9780429286797-6
Senyo, P. K., Liu, K., & Effah, J. (2019). Digital business ecosystem: Literature review and a framework for future research. In International Journal of Information Management (Vol. 47). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijinfomgt.2019.01.002
Sharabati, A. A. A., Ali, A. A. A., Allahham, M. I., Hussein, A. A., Alheet, A. F., & Mohammad, A. S. (2024). The impact of digital marketing on the performance of SMEs: An analytical study in light of modern digital transformations. Sustainability, 16(19), 8667. https://doi.org/10.3390/su16198667
Sitaniapessy, R. H., Latupapua, C. V., Lewaherilla, N., Leuherry, F., Ferdinandus, S. J., Asnawi, A., & Pentury, G. (2024). The Advantages of Digital Literacy Strategies to Improve MSME’s Business Performance. European Journal of Theoretical and Applied Sciences, 2(1), 504-512. https://doi.org/10.59324/ejtas.2024.2(1).43
Suprianto, I., & Rasyid, R. (2025). The Influence of Financial Literacy and Digital Literacy on MSME Performance in Merangin Regency Jambi Province with Innovation as a Mediating Variable. Asian Journal of Applied Business and Management, 4(2), 509-524. https://doi.org/10.55927/ajabm.v4i2.197
Timur, Y. P., Masrizal, & Trianto, B. (2025). Factors influencing adoption of e-payments by microenterprises’ owners in Indonesia. Journal of Modelling in Management. https://doi.org/10.1108/JM2-09-2024-0305
Vial, G. (2019). Understanding digital transformation: A review and a research agenda. The Journal of Strategic Information Systems, 28(2), 118-144. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsis.2019.01.003
Yadegaridehkordi, E., Nilashi, M., Shuib, L., Hairul Nizam Bin Md Nasir, M., Asadi, S., Samad, S., & Fatimah Awang, N. (2020). The impact of big data on firm performance in hotel industry. Electronic Commerce Research and Applications, 40.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.elerap.2019.100921
Yahya, U. H. D. (2025, February 6). Pertumbuhan ekonomi Indonesia di 2024 masuk dalam zona 5%, PDB capai Rp22.139 T. Warta Ekonomi.
Yusriani, Liong, H., & Syachbrani, W. (2022). Penyusunan laporan keuangan berdasarkan SAK entitas mikro kecil menengah pada Toko Sembako Raya Purnama Maros. Jurnal Ilmiah Akuntansi dan Keuangan, 1(1), 1–7.